While you can use manufacturer reflectance specifications as a general guideline when planning your loss budgets, it’s important to note that reflectance can change over time due to dirt and debris. It therefore makes sense to build in some margin. When it comes to testing, you’ll need to test the reflectance of specific connections with your as part of Tier 2 testing, which is recommended for short-reach single-mode applications and as part of a complete testing strategy.
The bandwidth of fiber is specified as modal bandwidth, or effective modal bandwidth, which refers to how much data a specific fiber can transmit at a given wavelength. Fiber applications are specified for use with a minimum bandwidth fiber. Bandwidth testing is done by fiber manufacturers and involves a complex laboratory test with specialized analyzers to send and measure high-powered laser pulses—it’s costly to accurately test in the field, and you don’t need to worry about it if you stick to the standard-defined length limitations.
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